A standardization for a radiopharmaceutical usually consists of a primary activity measurement, using several methods such liquid scintillation and counting in the NIST "4" ionization chamber, and dose calibrator setting determinations for several geometries. This requires a great deal of careful handling of the radioactive solutions to ensure that all of the samples are gravimetrically related to the stock solution.

Representative Publications Dealing with the Standardization of Therapy Radionuclides